Effect of foliar application of different concentrations of yeast solution on the production factors of Helwani and Zeni grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.)

Abstract

 The research was conducted aiming to study the effect of two concentrations of foliar spray with yeast solution (5,15 g/L.) and control (0 g/L) on the production factors of the Helwani and Zeni grape cultivars in Sejer village in Idlib governorate during the 2022 agricultural season.

The results showed a significant superiority of Helwani cultivar in shoot length (134.4 cm), number of internodes (28.04), bunch weight (462.6 g), bunch volume (459.4 cm3), number of berries per bunch (67.4), percentage of total dissolved solids (15.47%), and pH (4.36) on Zeni cultivar. While Zeni cultivar was superior in the number of bunches (77.8), thousand-seed weight (55.41 g), and total productivity (24.4 kg/shrub) over Helwani cultivar. Foliar spray at a concentration of 5 g/L of yeast solution significantly increased leaf area (86.4 cm2), phalanx length (4.85 cm), bunch weight (411.7 g), bunch volume (406.9 cm3), number of berries (68.5), berry weight (6.13 g), berry volume (5.99 cm3) and titratable acid percentage (0.28%), Compared to the concentration of 15 g/L and the control. While the concentration of 0 g/L (control) was significantly superior in pH (4.28) over 5 g/L and 15 g/L concentrations, and a concentration of 15 g/L was significantly superior in total sugars (14.78%) over the concentrations of 0 and 5 g/L.

Concerning the interaction of experimental factors, foliar spray of the Helwani cultivar with a concentration of 5 g/L of yeast solution gave the highest result in the leaf area (86.5 cm2), shoot length (145.1 cm), internodes length (5.17 cm), number of internodes per shoot (28.81), bunch weight (494.8 g), bunch volume (490.8 cm³), and number of berries per bunch (80). In contrast, the treatment of Zeni cultivar with a concentration of 5 g/L of yeast solution gave the highest result in the number of bunches (91.8), berry weight (6.44 g), berry volume (6.44 cm³) and total productivity (30 kg/shrub).

Finally, the statistical analysis showed that there was a high positive correlation between shoot length and each of the number of internodes and volume and weight of the bunch, and between the fruit volume and weight on the one hand and the weight and volume of the bunch on the other hand. There was also a high negative correlation between acidity and the number of bunches, on the one hand, and total productivity, on the other hand